Chris Marker
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Christian François Bouche-Villeneuve, better known as Chris Marker (France, 29 July 1921 – 29 July 2012), was a French writer, poet, activist, critic, photographer, traveler, journalist, film essayist, multimedia artist, and documentary filmmaker. He began his career as part of the French Rive Gauche group—parallel to but distinct from the Nouvelle Vague—with which he would later share certain themes and collaborators. Marker is credited with developing the subjective documentary and is considered a pioneer of collective cinema in France. His films are known for their poetic, essayistic, and often experimental qualities, blending a reflective voice with a fascination for memory, art, war, politics, culture, and nature. Over six decades of work, he observed the world with meticulous curiosity, irony, and compassion, continually experimenting with new forms of image manipulation and montage. He was also famously elusive. For many years, few people knew what Chris Marker looked like—he disliked being photographed, and no confirmed portraits were publicly available. He often amused himself by giving contradictory accounts of his life in the rare interviews he granted. As Philippe Dubois observed, “Chris Marker is, in a way, the most celebrated of the unknown filmmakers.” His official website adds: “Rather than a man without qualities, he is a man without biography.” Marker also worked under numerous pseudonyms, including Hayao Yamaneko, Jacopo Berenzini, Kosinki, Michel Krasna, Sandor Krasna, and Guillaume-en-Égypte (his feline avatar), though his best-known identity remains Chris Marker. Among his most significant works are La Jetée (1962), Sans Soleil (1983), Far from Vietnam (1967), A Grin Without a Cat (1977), A.K. (1985), Level Five (1997), and One Day in the Life of Andrei Arsenevich (1999). He also explored interactive and digital media with the CD-ROM Immemory (1997), maintained a website titled Gorgomancy, a YouTube channel called Kosinki, and created a virtual gallery, Ouvroir, within the online world Second Life.
Known for
Credits
Remembrance of Things to Come (2001)
Director
La Jetée (1962)
Director
The Train Rolls On (1971)
Director
The Case of the Grinning Cat (2006)
Director
The Last Bolshevik (1994)
Director
The Embassy (1973)
Director
Berlin 1990 (1990)
Director
The Lovely Month of May (1963)
Director
Kino (2011)
Director
Report on Brazil: Carlos Marighella (1970)
Director
Guillaume Movie (2008)
Director
Blue Helmet (1995)
Director
Statues Also Die (1953)
Director
Rush - Voyage à Moscou (1990)
Director
Be Seeing You (1968)
Director
The Koumiko Mystery (1965)
Director
Zoo Piece (1990)
Director
Overnight (2011)
Director
Eclipse (1999)
Director
Berlin 1990 (1990)
Director
Sans Soleil (1983)
Director
Petite Ceinture (1994)
Director
Détour Ceausescu (1990)
Director
Tokyo Days (1988)
Director
Leila Attacks (2007)
Director
Junkopia (1981)
Director
Slon Tango (1993)
Director
Olympia 52 (1952)
Director
20 Little Films (2012)
Director
Matta '85 (1985)
Director
A Grin Without a Cat (1977)
Director
Tchaïka (1994)
Director
Sunday in Peking (1956)
Director
Three Haiku Videos (1994)
Director
Prime Time in the Camps (1993)
Director
Far from Vietnam (1967)
Director
Tempo Risoluto (2011)
Director
A. K. (1985)
Director
From Chris to Christo (1985)
Director
Report on Brazil: Torture (1969)
Director
Metrotopia (2008)
Director
An Owl Is an Owl Is an Owl (1990)
Director
Mémoires pour Simone (1986)
Director
Cat Listening to Music (1988)
Director
Silent Movie (Edit 2) (1995)
Director
A Year of TV Seen by Guillaume (2007)
Director
Imagine (2011)
Director
Pictures at an Exhibition (2008)
Director
The Loneliness of the Long Distance Singer (1974)
Director
Zapping Zone (1990)
Director
Henchman Glance (2008)
Director
iDead (2011)
Director
Owl Gets in Your Eyes (1994)
Director
The End of the World Seen by the Angel Gabriel (1947)
Director
Theory of Sets (1991)
Director
One Day in the Life of Andrei Arsenevich (1999)
Director
Description of a Struggle (1960)
Director
Bullfight in Okinawa (1994)
Director
A Mayor in Kosovo (2000)
Director
We Maintain It Is Possible (1973)
Director
Stopover in Dubai (2011)
Director
When the Century Took Shape (War and Revolution) (1978)
Director
Ouvroir the Movie (2010)
Director
ROYAL POLKA.mov (2011)
Director
You Speak of Prague: The Second Trial of Artur London (1971)
Director
Cinétracts (1968)
Director
Jour de tournage (1969)
Director
Level Five (1997)
Director
Three Cheers for the Whale (1972)
Director
The Sixth Side of the Pentagon (1968)
Director
If I Had Four Dromedaries (1966)
Director
2084: Video Clip for the Trade Unions' Reflection and Pleasure (1984)
Director
The Morning After (2008)
Director
Letter from Siberia (1957)
Director
The Andrei Tarkovsky Companion (2007)
Director
You Speak of Chile: What Allende Said (1973)
Director
Cuba: Battle of the 10,000,000 (1971)
Director
The Astronauts (1959)
Director
¡Cuba Sí! (1961)
Director
You Speak of Paris: Maspero. Words Have Meaning (1971)
Director